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Siege of Ragusa
The Siege of Ragusa was fought between Austrian Croat troops allied with the British Royal Navy under Captain William Hoste against a French garrison under Joseph de Montrichard between 19 and 27 January 1814 during the Adriatic campaign of the Napoleonic Wars. The siege was fought on the coast of the Adriatic Sea for possession of the strategically important fortified town of Ragusa.
==Background==
In 1806, the Republic of Ragusa surrendered to forces of the Empire of France〔(Dalmatia and Montenegro: Volume 2 ) by Sir John Gardner Wilkinson〕 to end a months-long siege by the Russian fleets (during which 3,000 cannonballs fell on the city). The French lifted the siege and subsequently entered Ragusa in 1806. In 1808 Napoleon ordered Marshal Marmont to abolish the Republic of Ragusa and amalgamate its territory into the French Empire's client state, the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy. Marmont himself became the "Duke of Ragusa" (''Duc de Raguse'') and in 1810 Ragusa, with all Dalmatia, went to the newly created French Illyrian Provinces.
Austria declared war on France in August 1813 and by the Autumn the Royal Navy enjoyed unopposed domination over the Adriatic sea. Working in conjunction with the Austrian armies now invading the Illyrian Provinces and Northern Italy, Rear Admiral Thomas Fremantle's ships were able to rapidly transport British and Austrian troops from one point to another, forcing the surrender of the strategic ports one after another December.〔James, Vol. 6, p. 257〕 Captain William Hoste with his ship HMS ''Bacchante'' (38 guns) had already captured the mountain fortress of Kotor with the help of Montenegrin forces in early January. After this victory Hoste along with HMS ''Saracen'' an 18 gun brig, immediately sailed to Ragusa a which was under a dubious blockade by Austrian forces under General Todor Milutinović.
Milutinović's forces were not just dealing with the French but had to endure discontent with a number Ragusan rebels with his force and trying to keep them under control. The French under command of Joseph Montrichard had less than 600 men left in the entire region after losing over a third of his men who had defected since the war with Austria began.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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